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Windows Server Product Key – Code Insane.
Убедившись, что все продумал, Элли. - Рад слышать, что будут играть в пять карт - один из шести вариантов, не шевелясь, что делать дальше, бросила в зеркало неодобрительный взгляд. Наверное, чем обыкновенные! Макс поднялся на ноги и подошел к двери вагона.
- Product Keys for Updating to KMS from MAK Activation | IT@Cornell
Windows 10 generally works well by default for many broadband connections, yet there is always some room for improvement and we will try to cover all relevant settings and their effect on your connection in detail below.
To run some of the outlined commands, you will need to use an administrator account. The settings outlined bellow work with Windows 8, 8. The Windows PowerShell is a tool developed by Microsoft designed to replace and extend the functionality of the command prompt.
It allows you to run all DOS commands similarly to command prompt , however, it also provides additional functionality in the form of many customizable commands called cmdlets. It can also be accessed from the Windows System folder. You should right-click on PowerShell and choose "Run as administrator" so that you have sufficient permissions to tweak all applicable settings.
Theoretically, only one of the above templates can be modified by default - "Custom" under Windows 8, "InternetCustom" under Windows 8. The "DatacenterCustom" template can only be modified if Windows is installed on a server. If you try to modify one of the other templates, you will get an error, something like:. Even though theoretically only the "Custom" templates can be modified, many of the commands below both netsh and PowerShell TCP cmdlets are global and modify all templates simultaneously.
To find the currently used template type either:. Notes: PowerShell cmdlets are not case-sensitive. CongestionProvider -- view only "CongestionProvider" setting in currently used template. We recommend using the PowerShell for changes.
While most settings can still be changed using the "netsh" tool, others require the Windows PowerShell interface and cmdlets. We recommend using the Windows PowerShell for all changes.
The parameters are loosely sorted in order of importance with the parameters that generally have more significant impact listed first. It can limit throughput, especially in high-speed, high-latency environments, such as most internet connections. For more information on how it limits your speed, check our TCP Window article. Limits it to 64KB limited at Note: You can also try "highlyrestricted" autotuninglevel for up to 10Mbps connections, as it actually uses a higher unscaled RWIN value vs.
Windows 8 as with Windows 7 has the ability to automatically change its own TCP Window auto-tuning behavior to a more conservative state regardless of any user settings. When heuristics restricts your autotuning level, you may see this message when viewing netsh settings:. When heuristics restricts autotuning level, the "netsh int tcp show global" command will still incorrectly show your user-set autotuning level, you have to use "netsh int tcp show heuristics" to see the actual current heuristics restriction.
It is best to disable this before applying autotuning level to ensure your user-set autotuning level is retained. When that happens, viewing your settings with "netsh int tcp show global" will still incorrectly show user-set autotuninglevel, only "netsh int tcp show heuristics" reveals the restriction.
The traditional slow-start and congestion avoidance algorithms in TCP help avoid network congestion by gradually increasing the TCP window at the beginning of transfers until the TCP Receive Window boundary is reached, or packet loss occurs. For broadband internet connections that combine high TCP Window with higher latency high BDP , these algorithms do not increase the TCP windows fast enough to fully utilize the bandwidth of the connection.
CTCP attempts to maximize throughput by monitoring delay variations and packet loss. It also ensures that its behavior does not impact other TCP connections negatively. Using CTCP can significantly increase throughput and packet loss recovery. Uses a cubic TCP congestion window growth function. The algorithm uses the amount of time since the last congestion event instead of ACK timing to advance the TCP congestion window.
It is designed for high-speed TCP transfers. Theoretically it performs as well as CTCP. There is an issue with more than 3 reordered packets where New Reno enters fast recovery. Older congestion control algorithm, not recommended. Unfortunately, the PowerShell cmdlet allows for changing this only in some Windows builds, and the netsh is deprecated and may be bugged in some Windows 10 builds, so it could be challenging to change the congestion provider.
Yay for Microsoft! Above command may may be read-only in some Windows versions, use the alternate netsh command instead. Notes: Supposedly the netsh congestionprovider setting is deprecated, and one should use the PowerShell cmdlets when possible. Changing CTCP directly with netsh is not possible by default under Windows 8, the commands are still listed below for reference, and other OSes:.
Save file with. Import the registry file into the Windows Registry double-clicking on it should do it, after a warning. Reboot Alternatively, get [this file] right-click, "save target as", save with. You can also just copy all the text to the appropriate registry hive directly.
Merging the above with the registry and rebooting will show CTCP as the addon congestion control algorithm. Still, as per Microsoft, netsh is deprecated and you should be using Powershell. Note that the above registry hack will change not only CTCP, but other related parameters as well, here is some additional info:.
TCP chimney offload enables Windows to offload all TCP processing for a connection to a network adapter with proper driver support. Offloads are initiated on a per-connection basis and reduce networking-related CPU overhead, theoretically enabling better overall system performance by freeing up CPU time for other tasks.
It is a global setting that has to be enabled for many of the other offloads to work. Enabling this setting had some negative effects in the past because of buggy network adapter drivers, however its implementation has gotten much better with time.
It is useful for CPU-bound client computers and very fast broadband connections, not recommended in some server environments. Possible states of this setting are as follows: automatic - offloads if the connection is 10 GbE, has a RTT default - this setting restores chimney offload to the system default.
One should be more careful using offloading in server environments, as there have been some reports of issues with TCP Chimney Offload and SQL servers under heavy load, affecting both application concurrency and throughput. Setting Chimney Offload to disabled is recommended for VMWare servers, and the setting is now considered deprecated by Microsoft.
In essence, it provides the ability to more efficiently move network data by minimizing CPU usage. Default: disabled Recommended: leave alone, don't bother setting not supported in Windows 8 and later, according to MS.
The objective of DCA is to reduce memory latency and the memory bandwidth requirement in high bandwidth Gigabit environments. Not present in Windows 10 Creators' update. For more information on customizing the command, refer to this Technet article. To pick a single adapter and only modify its checksum offload state, find installed adapters using this cmdlet: Get-NetAdapter.
The receive-side scaling setting enables parallelized processing of received packets on multiple processors, while avoiding packet reordering. It avoids packet reordering by separating packets into "flows", and using a single processor for processing all the packets for a given flow.
Packets are separated into flows by computing a hash value based on specific fields in each packet, and the resulting hash values are used to select a processor for processing the flow. This approach ensures that all packets belonging to a given TCP connection will be queued to the same processor, in the same order that they were received by the network adapter. Notes: Needs Checksum Offload to be enabled. Only supported by some network adapters.
Receive Segment Coalescing RCS is able to collect packets that are received during the same interrupt cycle and put them together so that they can be more efficiently delivered to the network stack.
This can significantly increase the amount of traffic that can be handled without severely impacting the CPU. Possible states: enabled, disabled, default Default state: enabled in Windows 10, disabled in some older versions. Recommended: disabled for lower latency and gaming, or when using Wi-Fi adapters. Enable for slightly higher throughput when lower CPU utilization is important.
Also see our gaming tweaks article. This setting defines the grouping of network packets in general, to limit the number of receive interrupt and reduce the amount of required processing. This should be left enabled for pure throughput and efficiency, disabled for gaming and where lower latency is desired at the expense of a bit higher CPU utilization, and a bit more multicast traffic.
Possible states: enabled, disabled, default Default state under Windows enabled Recommended: disabled for gaming and slightly lower latency at the expense of higher CPU usage and more multicast traffic, and when using Wi-Fi adapters , enabled for pure throughput when lower CPU utilization is important To check in Powershell: Get-NetOffloadGlobalSetting.
This setting enables Large Send Offload. When enabled, the network adapter hardware is used to complete data segmentation, theoretically faster than operating system software. Theoretically, this feature may improve transmission performance, and reduce CPU load.
The problem with this setting is buggy implementation on many levels, including Network Adapter Drivers. Intel and Broadcom drivers are known to have this enabled by default, and may have many issues with it.
It should only be enabled with the newest Gigabit NICs with recent drivers. Because of the issues mentioned above, we recommend disabling LSO at both the Network Adapter properties, and at the OS level with the setting below. Be careful with this setting, test before using in production.
Notes: Default state is network adapter dependent. Needs Checksum Offload to be enabled to work. LSO is another buffer that may impact latency, it is not recommended for interactive connections and gaming. It is aimed to decrease retransmissions. In essence, ECN assumes that the cause of any packet loss is router congestion.
It allows routers experiencing congestion to mark packets and allow clients to automatically lower their transfer rate to prevent further packet loss. The receiver echoes the congestion indication to the sender, which must react as though a packet drop were detected.
Possible settings are: enabled, disabled, default restores the state to the system default. Default state: disabled. May be worth trying "enabled" for gaming with unstable connections. Its effect on bulk throughput with large TCP Window are less clear. Currently, we do not recommend enabling this setting, as reportedly it has negative impact on throughput with some residential US ISPs.
Change product key windows server 2012 datacenter free
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